For each course students may find that there are additional costs. These may be with regard to the specific clothing, materials or equipment required, depending on their subject area. Some courses provide opportunities for students to undertake field work or field trips. Where these are compulsory, the cost for the travel, accommodation and meals may be covered by the University and so is included in the fee. Where these are optional students will normally (unless stated otherwise) be required to pay their own transportation, accommodation and meal costs. Some courses offer the opportunity to take part in placements. When students are on an optional placement in the UK or overseas or studying abroad, they will be required to cover their own transport and accommodation and meals costs. Placements can range from a few weeks to a full year if students choose to undertake an optional sandwich year in industry. Students are encouraged to obtain placements in industry independently. Tutors may provide support and advice to students who require it during this process. With regards to text books, the University provides students who enrol with a comprehensive reading list and our extensive library holds either material or virtual versions of the core texts that students are required to read. However, students may prefer to purchase some of these for themselves and will therefore be responsible for this cost. Year One and Two students report typically spending £250-300 per year on course materials and equipment, in addition to £100 on printing. Final year expenditure can be greater due to the production of a collection, portfolio and exhibition. It should be noted however that successful work is not dependent on high costs but on the level of originality, innovation, creativity and resourcefulness.